HEPES buffer is widely used in biological and biochemical research due to its ability to maintain a stable pH in cell culture media and enzymatic reactions. It is particularly effective in experiments involving cell and tissue cultures, as it does not interfere with cell growth and provides consistent pH levels, even under varying CO₂ concentrations. This makes it ideal for use in incubators with controlled CO₂ environments. Additionally, HEPES is commonly employed in protein studies, electrophoresis, and chromatography, where precise pH control is critical for optimal results. Its low toxicity and minimal interaction with metal ions further enhance its utility in a variety of laboratory applications.