HEPES buffer is widely used in biological and biochemical research due to its ability to maintain a stable pH in cell culture media and various experimental conditions. It is particularly effective in maintaining pH within the physiological range (7.2 to 7.4) in cell and tissue cultures, making it a preferred choice for growing sensitive cell lines. Additionally, HEPES is utilized in protein studies, enzyme assays, and electrophoresis, where consistent pH is critical for accurate results. Its minimal interference with biochemical reactions and low toxicity to cells further enhance its applicability in molecular biology and biomedical research.