MES buffer is widely used in biological and biochemical research due to its effective buffering range in the physiological pH region. It is commonly employed in cell culture media, protein purification, and enzyme assays where maintaining a stable pH around 5.5 to 6.7 is critical. MES is particularly useful in plant tissue culture and bacterial growth media because it does not interfere with metabolic processes. It is also a key component in electrophoresis buffers, especially in native PAGE, SDS-PAGE, and isoelectric focusing, where consistent pH control supports accurate protein separation. Due to its low metal ion binding, MES is suitable for studies involving metal-dependent enzymes or systems where metal chelation could affect results. Additionally, it is used in some diagnostic applications, pharmaceutical formulations, chromatography, and pH-sensitive analytical methods requiring a reliable, non-toxic buffer system.