GNE 2861 is primarily utilized in the field of medical research, particularly in the study of cancer therapies. It functions as a potent and selective inhibitor of the BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal) family of proteins, which play a crucial role in regulating gene expression. By inhibiting these proteins, GNE 2861 can disrupt the transcription of oncogenes, thereby potentially halting the proliferation of cancer cells. This makes it a valuable tool in the development of targeted cancer treatments, especially for malignancies that are driven by aberrant gene expression. Additionally, its use in preclinical studies helps researchers understand the mechanisms of BET protein inhibition and its therapeutic potential in various cancer types.