Ubiquitin from bovine erythrocytes is widely used in biochemical and proteomic research to study protein degradation and regulation processes. It plays a critical role in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, where it tags proteins for degradation, helping researchers understand cellular mechanisms like protein turnover, DNA repair, and immune response regulation. This protein is also utilized in the development of assays to investigate enzyme activity, particularly ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes, which are essential in cancer and neurodegenerative disease research. Additionally, it serves as a tool in structural biology for studying protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications. Its application extends to drug discovery, where it aids in identifying potential therapeutic targets involved in ubiquitination pathways.