Apelin-17 is a bioactive peptide involved in regulating cardiovascular function, primarily by acting as an endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor. It plays a key role in enhancing cardiac contractility and promoting vasodilation, making it a target of interest in heart failure research. Studies suggest it improves cardiac output without increasing heart rate or oxygen demand, which may offer therapeutic advantages over traditional inotropic agents.

It is also implicated in fluid homeostasis and has shown potential in models of hypovolemic shock by helping to maintain blood pressure and improve circulation. Due to its role in angiogenesis and endothelial function, Apelin-17 is being explored for use in ischemic conditions such as myocardial infarction and peripheral artery disease.

In metabolic research, Apelin-17 has been linked to insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake, suggesting possible applications in diabetes and obesity-related conditions. Its expression is upregulated in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, where it may modulate energy metabolism.

Ongoing research is evaluating its stability and delivery methods, as the peptide is rapidly degraded in circulation, limiting its clinical use without modification or alternative administration strategies.