Used primarily in research settings as an antimetabolite, 6-Methylpurine interferes with purine metabolism and has been studied for its antiviral and antiproliferative properties. It exhibits activity against certain RNA viruses by inhibiting viral RNA synthesis. Additionally, it serves as a selective agent in cell culture systems, particularly in studies involving genetically modified cells that express purine salvage pathway enzymes. Due to its toxicity to dividing cells, it has also been explored in cancer research to assess chemosensitivity in tumor models. Its role remains largely experimental, with limited clinical use.