Fexinidazole is primarily used in the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. It is administered orally, making it a more convenient and accessible treatment option compared to traditional intravenous therapies. The drug works by targeting the parasite’s energy metabolism, effectively killing it and curing the disease. Fexinidazole is particularly significant in remote or resource-limited settings, as it simplifies the treatment process and reduces the need for hospitalization. Additionally, it has shown efficacy in both early and late stages of the disease, offering a comprehensive solution for patients. Its use has been a major advancement in the fight against this neglected tropical disease, improving treatment outcomes and reducing the burden on healthcare systems.