Garenoxacin mesylate hydrate is primarily used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is commonly applied in the treatment of respiratory tract infections, including community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for bacterial DNA replication and repair. This makes it particularly useful in combating infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. Additionally, it has shown efficacy in treating skin and soft tissue infections, offering a reliable option for patients with complex or persistent bacterial infections. Its use is often reserved for cases where other antibiotics have failed or are unsuitable due to resistance patterns. As a pharmaceutical active ingredient, it is typically formulated for oral administration.