Amodiaquine hydrochloride is primarily used as an antimalarial medication, effective in treating and preventing malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and other Plasmodium species. It is often administered in combination with other antimalarial drugs, such as artesunate, to enhance efficacy and reduce the risk of drug resistance. The compound works by interfering with the parasite's ability to detoxify heme, leading to its accumulation and subsequent death of the parasite. It is particularly valuable in regions where malaria is endemic and resistance to other antimalarials, like chloroquine, is prevalent. Additionally, it is used in mass drug administration programs to control malaria outbreaks in affected communities. Due to its potential side effects, including hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis, its use is closely monitored and often reserved for specific cases where benefits outweigh the risks.