Catharticin is primarily used in pharmaceutical applications due to its strong purgative effects. It is employed as an active ingredient in certain laxative formulations, especially for short-term bowel evacuation in cases of constipation or prior to medical procedures such as colonoscopies. Its mechanism involves stimulating intestinal motility and increasing fluid secretion into the bowel, facilitating rapid evacuation. Additionally, it may be used to reduce the absorption of toxins in cases of drug overdose.

Due to its potency, Catharticin is typically used in low doses and under medical supervision to avoid adverse effects like dehydration or electrolyte imbalance. It may also be studied for potential anti-inflammatory or anticancer properties in preclinical research, though such applications remain experimental and not yet established in clinical practice.