Methyl ethanesulfonate is widely used in genetic research as a potent mutagen. It induces point mutations in DNA, making it a valuable tool for studying gene function and creating genetic variations in model organisms. In molecular biology, it is employed to generate mutant libraries for screening and identifying genes involved in specific biological processes. Additionally, it is utilized in plant breeding programs to introduce genetic diversity and develop new crop varieties with improved traits. Its ability to alkylate DNA bases also makes it useful in cancer research for studying mutagenesis and DNA repair mechanisms. However, due to its high reactivity and potential hazards, it is handled with strict safety precautions in laboratory settings.