Sodium bicarbonate is widely used in baking as a leavening agent. When mixed with acids, it releases carbon dioxide, causing dough to rise. It's also employed in fire extinguishers, particularly for grease and electrical fires, as it releases CO2 when heated, smothering flames. In medicine, it serves as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and relieve heartburn or indigestion. Additionally, it’s used in cleaning products for its mild abrasive properties and ability to neutralize odors. In personal care, it’s found in toothpaste and deodorants for its cleansing and odor-neutralizing effects. It’s also used in water treatment to adjust pH levels and in agriculture as a fungicide and soil conditioner.