Ciprofloxacin is widely used as an antibiotic to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is effective in treating respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia and bronchitis, by targeting the bacteria causing the infection. It is also commonly prescribed for urinary tract infections, including cystitis and pyelonephritis, where it helps eliminate the bacteria from the urinary system.

In addition, ciprofloxacin is used to treat skin and soft tissue infections, such as cellulitis and wound infections, by stopping the growth of bacteria in affected areas. It is also effective in treating gastrointestinal infections caused by bacteria like E. coli or Salmonella, helping to reduce symptoms like diarrhea and abdominal pain.

Ciprofloxacin is often used in cases of bone and joint infections, such as osteomyelitis, where it penetrates bone tissue to fight the infection. It is also a key treatment for certain sexually transmitted infections, like gonorrhea, due to its ability to quickly target and eliminate the bacteria.

In some cases, ciprofloxacin is used as a preventive measure for individuals exposed to anthrax or plague, as it can stop the bacteria from spreading in the body. It may also be used in immunocompromised patients or those undergoing chemotherapy to prevent or treat infections. Its broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria makes it a versatile option for treating both common and severe bacterial infections.