Clenbuterol hydrochloride is primarily used in veterinary medicine to treat respiratory conditions in animals, such as horses, by acting as a bronchodilator to ease breathing. It is also utilized in livestock to promote muscle growth and reduce fat, though this application is controversial and banned in many countries due to health risks. In human medicine, it has been explored for weight loss and performance enhancement, but its use is not officially approved due to significant side effects, including cardiovascular issues. It is often misused in bodybuilding and athletic communities despite regulatory restrictions.