Used as an antacid to relieve heartburn and indigestion by neutralizing excess stomach acid. Commonly added to toothpaste for mild abrasive cleaning and to help maintain oral pH balance. Employed in baking as a leavening agent, releasing carbon dioxide when heated to help dough rise. Utilized in fire extinguishers, especially for kitchen fires, as it decomposes to release carbon dioxide and smother flames. Applied in water treatment to adjust pH and neutralize acidic conditions in pools and aquariums. Used in pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent to maintain stability of certain drugs. Acts as a gentle cleaning agent for household surfaces due to its non-toxic and mildly abrasive nature. Added to some intravenous fluids to help manage acid-base imbalances in medical settings.