Phenol saturated aqueous solution serves as a topical antiseptic and anesthetic in throat sprays and lozenges to relieve sore throat pain, providing a numbing effect on mucous membranes. It is commonly used in over-the-counter medications and, in low concentrations, for disinfecting skin prior to injections or minor surgical procedures. Its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties make it effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi in surface applications, such as hand sanitizers, surface cleaners, and medical equipment disinfection.

In laboratory settings, it is widely used in phenol-chloroform extraction protocols for isolating nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) from biological samples due to its ability to denature proteins and separate phases. Additionally, phenol functions as a solvent or intermediate in chemical synthesis within labs and the chemical industry.

Caution is advised due to phenol's high toxicity; prolonged contact with skin or mucous membranes can cause severe burns or systemic poisoning, necessitating careful handling and use in controlled concentrations.