Used in biochemical and molecular biology laboratories for maintaining stable pH during enzyme reactions and protein purification. Effective in the pH range of 1.5 to 3.0, making it suitable for acidic conditions where other buffers may fail. Commonly applied in peptide synthesis, chromatography, and electrophoresis to control acidity and support proper folding and stability of biomolecules. Also utilized in pharmaceutical formulations to adjust and stabilize pH in drug delivery systems. Its low ionic strength and minimal interference with biological activity make it ideal for sensitive assays and diagnostic applications.