Calcium 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate is the calcium salt of 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid (also known as alpha-keto-beta-methylvalerate), a key intermediate in the catabolism of the branched-chain amino acid isoleucine. It is primarily used in nutritional supplements to support branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism, enhance muscle recovery, reduce exercise-induced fatigue, and promote energy production. In research, it is applied to study mitochondrial function, amino acid metabolism, and related biochemical pathways. Additionally, it serves as a bioavailable source of calcium in pharmaceutical formulations and fortified foods where soluble calcium is needed, though its metabolic role is more prominent than its mineral supplementation.