Bis(2-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride is primarily used in the synthesis of nitrogen mustard compounds, which are known for their alkylating properties. These compounds are crucial in the development of chemotherapeutic agents, particularly in the treatment of various cancers. The chemical acts by forming covalent bonds with DNA, leading to the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Additionally, it is utilized in research settings to study the mechanisms of alkylating agents and their effects on cellular processes. Its role in the development of targeted therapies continues to be an area of significant interest in medicinal chemistry.