Epalrestat is primarily used in the management of diabetic neuropathy. It works by inhibiting the enzyme aldose reductase, which plays a key role in the polyol pathway. By blocking this enzyme, it helps reduce the accumulation of sorbitol in nerve cells, which is a contributing factor to nerve damage in diabetic patients. This action helps alleviate symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and pain in the extremities, improving the quality of life for individuals with diabetes. It is often prescribed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes blood sugar control and other supportive therapies.