Widely used in vaccine formulations to enhance the body's immune response. It works by adsorbing antigens onto its surface, allowing for a slower release and improved antigen presentation to the immune system. This adjuvant is particularly effective in inactivated vaccines and toxoids, helping to increase antibody production and prolong immunity. Its safety profile and low reactivity make it suitable for use in human and veterinary vaccines. Commonly found in vaccines for diseases such as hepatitis B, tetanus, and diphtheria. Also supports dose-sparing strategies, meaning less antigen is needed per dose, which can be crucial during large-scale immunization campaigns.