Acetohydroxamic acid is primarily used in the medical field for the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by urea-splitting bacteria. It works by inhibiting the enzyme urease, which these bacteria produce to break down urea into ammonia, thereby reducing the alkalinity of the urine and preventing the formation of struvite and carbonate apatite stones. This makes it particularly effective in managing infection stones, which are often associated with conditions like chronic urinary tract infections and renal stones. Additionally, it is sometimes used as an adjunct therapy in patients with hepatic encephalopathy to reduce ammonia levels in the blood. It also finds applications in cosmetics and skincare products as an antimicrobial agent and urease inhibitor to control sebum production, reduce acne, and prevent odor from bacterial activity on the skin. Its role in these treatments highlights its importance in both urology, hepatology, and dermatology.