Lesinurad is primarily used in the treatment of chronic gout, particularly in patients who have not achieved target serum uric acid levels with a xanthine oxidase inhibitor alone. It works by inhibiting the URAT1 transporter in the kidneys, which helps to increase the excretion of uric acid, thereby lowering its levels in the blood. This action aids in preventing the formation of urate crystals, which are responsible for the painful symptoms of gout. Lesinurad is often prescribed in combination with allopurinol or febuxostat to enhance its efficacy. It is important for patients to maintain adequate hydration while on this medication to reduce the risk of kidney-related side effects. Regular monitoring of kidney function and serum uric acid levels is also recommended to ensure safe and effective use.