Used primarily as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the development of xanthine-derived compounds that exhibit stimulant or bronchodilator effects. It serves in research settings for modifying purine structures to explore biological activity in central nervous system agents and anti-inflammatory drugs. Its derivatives are investigated for potential use in treating respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Also employed in the preparation of caffeine and theophylline analogs to enhance metabolic stability or receptor selectivity.