Ponatinib is primarily used in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), particularly in cases where other treatments have failed. It is effective against cancers that have the T315I mutation, which makes them resistant to other tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This medication works by blocking the abnormal protein that signals cancer cells to multiply, thereby slowing or stopping the spread of cancer. It is often prescribed when patients cannot tolerate or do not respond to other therapies, making it a crucial option for those with advanced or resistant forms of leukemia. Regular monitoring is required during treatment to manage potential side effects, such as cardiovascular issues.