Axitinib is primarily used in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a type of kidney cancer. It functions as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) to inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis. This makes it effective in slowing the progression of cancer by cutting off the blood supply to tumors. Axitinib is often prescribed when previous treatments have failed, providing an alternative option for patients with resistant or advanced disease. It is administered orally, allowing for convenient at-home use, and is typically taken in combination with other therapies to enhance its efficacy. Regular monitoring is required to manage potential side effects, such as hypertension and fatigue.