CSF1R inhibitor 2 is primarily utilized in the field of oncology and immunology due to its ability to target and inhibit the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). This receptor plays a critical role in the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of macrophages and monocytes, which are often implicated in tumor growth and immune evasion. By blocking CSF1R, this inhibitor helps reduce the population of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that support tumor progression and suppress anti-tumor immune responses. As a result, it is being explored as a potential therapeutic agent in cancers where TAMs contribute to disease progression, such as glioblastoma, breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Additionally, it is investigated for its potential in treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by modulating macrophage activity. Its application extends to preclinical research, where it is used to study the role of CSF1R signaling in various pathological conditions.