Used as a key building block in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly for constructing porous materials with high surface areas. Its rigid terphenyl backbone and multiple carboxylic acid groups enable strong coordination with metal ions, enhancing structural stability. The nitro group allows for further functionalization, making it useful in designing MOFs for gas storage, catalysis, and chemical sensing. Also employed in photophysical studies due to its conjugated aromatic system and potential for fluorescence modulation.