Widely used in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) as a hole-transporting material due to its excellent charge carrier mobility and thermal stability. Enhances the efficiency and lifetime of OLED devices by facilitating efficient hole injection and transport. Also employed in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells to improve charge separation and transport, boosting overall device performance. Its rigid spirobifluorene structure contributes to high thermal and morphological stability, making it suitable for high-temperature processing in electronic applications. Additionally, it serves as a key component in the development of advanced optoelectronic devices, including sensors and light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs).