Used as a hole-transporting material in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to its good thermal stability and high triplet energy level. Commonly found in perovskite solar cells to improve device efficiency by facilitating charge separation and transport. Acts as a building block for synthesizing dyes and fluorescent probes because of its strong electron-donating properties. Employed in electrochromic devices and organic photovoltaics for its reversible oxidation behavior and ability to stabilize positive charges. Also utilized in the development of sensors and optoelectronic materials where efficient charge mobility is required.