Eltanexor is primarily used in the field of oncology as an investigational drug for the treatment of various cancers. It functions as a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), specifically targeting the exportin 1 (XPO1) protein. By blocking XPO1, it forces the retention of tumor suppressor proteins within the nucleus, promoting cancer cell death and inhibiting tumor growth. This mechanism makes it a potential therapeutic option for hematologic malignancies, such as multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia, as well as solid tumors. Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and potential as part of combination therapies. Its targeted approach offers a promising strategy for overcoming drug resistance in certain cancers.