Used as an intermediate in organic semiconductor synthesis, particularly in the development of conjugated polymers for organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Its rigid fused-ring structure and electron-deficient nature enhance charge transport properties and improve the stability of resulting materials. Commonly employed in donor-acceptor type copolymers to tune bandgap and optimize light absorption in solar cell applications. Also explored in dye-sensitized devices and near-infrared absorbing materials due to its extended π-conjugation and strong intermolecular interactions.