Used as a key intermediate in the synthesis of organic semiconductors, particularly in the development of conjugated polymers for flexible electronics and OLED displays. Its cyano and sulfonate functional groups enhance electron transport properties and improve solubility in polar solvents, making it suitable for solution-processed thin-film transistors. Also employed in dye-sensitized solar cells due to its ability to stabilize charge separation and extend light absorption range. Shows potential in biosensing applications where sulfonate groups facilitate aqueous compatibility and molecular recognition.