Used primarily in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices as a donor material in the active layer due to its strong light absorption and favorable energy levels. It is well-suited for bulk heterojunction solar cells when paired with acceptors like PCBM, enabling efficient charge separation and improved power conversion efficiency. Its branched alkyl side chains enhance solubility in common organic solvents, facilitating solution-based processing techniques such as spin coating and inkjet printing. Also explored in flexible and transparent solar cells owing to its compatibility with low-temperature fabrication processes on plastic substrates.