Thiamine monophosphate chloride dihydrate is primarily used in the field of nutrition and medicine. It serves as a vital component in dietary supplements aimed at addressing thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiencies. This compound is particularly beneficial in treating conditions such as beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which are directly linked to insufficient thiamine levels in the body.

In the pharmaceutical industry, it is incorporated into formulations of injectable solutions and oral medications designed to restore thiamine levels quickly and efficiently. Its role is crucial in metabolic processes, as it helps in the conversion of carbohydrates into energy, supporting proper nerve function and overall cellular health.

Additionally, this compound is utilized in research settings to study the biochemical pathways involving thiamine and its derivatives. It aids in understanding the mechanisms of thiamine-related enzymes and their impact on human health, contributing to advancements in nutritional science and therapeutic interventions.

Furthermore, it is used in the formulation of certain cosmetics to nourish skin and hair.