SM 16 is primarily researched for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the field of oncology. It functions as an inhibitor of the TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in cancer progression, metastasis, and immune evasion. By blocking this pathway, SM 16 may help reduce tumor growth and enhance the effectiveness of other cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Additionally, its ability to modulate TGF-β signaling makes it a candidate for treating fibrotic diseases, where excessive tissue scarring is a concern. Research is ongoing to explore its full potential in clinical settings.