LDN193189 HCl is primarily used in research settings to study bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways. It acts as a BMP receptor inhibitor, making it valuable for investigating cellular differentiation, particularly in stem cell research. Scientists utilize it to explore its effects on osteogenesis and chondrogenesis, which are critical for understanding bone and cartilage development. Additionally, it is employed in studies related to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, where controlling BMP signaling is essential for directing cell fate. Its application extends to cancer research, as BMP signaling is implicated in certain tumor growths, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets.