AZD-0156 is primarily researched for its potential in cancer therapy, particularly as an inhibitor of ATM kinase, a key enzyme involved in DNA damage response. By targeting ATM, it aims to enhance the efficacy of DNA-damaging treatments like radiotherapy and chemotherapy, especially in tumors with defective DNA repair mechanisms. Its application is being explored in clinical trials to assess its role in improving outcomes for patients with various cancers, including those resistant to conventional therapies. The compound is also studied for its potential to sensitize cancer cells to PARP inhibitors, offering a synergistic approach in oncology.