Fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide (NUC-3373) is primarily being investigated for its potential in cancer treatment, particularly in solid tumors. It is a novel nucleotide analog designed to improve upon the limitations of existing chemotherapeutic agents like 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The compound works by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, a critical enzyme in DNA synthesis, thereby disrupting cancer cell proliferation. Its unique structure allows for enhanced stability and reduced toxicity compared to traditional therapies, making it a promising candidate for patients who are resistant to or cannot tolerate standard treatments. Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy and safety in various cancer types, with a focus on optimizing dosing regimens and combination therapies.