Used in organic electronics as a key intermediate for synthesizing high-performance polymers and small molecules in OLEDs (organic light-emitting diodes). Its rigid spirobifluorene structure enhances thermal stability and prevents crystallization in thin films, making it ideal for blue-emitting materials. The nitro group allows further functionalization, enabling fine-tuning of electronic properties for use in electron-transport layers and host materials. Also explored in perovskite solar cells as a dopant-free hole-transport material due to its good hole mobility and film-forming properties.