Silicon oxide (SiO₂), commonly known as silica, is used extensively across various industries. In semiconductor manufacturing, it serves as a dielectric layer in integrated circuits due to its excellent insulating properties and compatibility with silicon substrates, and as a passivation layer to protect electronic devices from moisture and contaminants. It is a fundamental material in the production of solar cells. Employed in optical coatings for lenses and mirrors owing to its transparency and durability. In ceramics and glass manufacturing, it enhances material strength and heat resistance. Commonly used in food and pharmaceuticals as an anti-caking agent. Utilized in cosmetics and personal care products as a thickening agent and absorbent. Applied in coatings and paints to improve scratch resistance and weatherability. Serves as a reinforcing filler in rubber and polymer composites. Used in chromatography as a stationary phase for the separation of compounds. Additionally, it is employed in water and chemical filtration processes due to its excellent adsorption properties.