Used as a selective and potent antagonist of the 5-HT6 receptor, SB271046 is primarily employed in neuroscience research to study cognitive functions, memory, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. It has demonstrated potential in preclinical studies to enhance learning and memory by modulating cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. Due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, it is valuable in investigating the role of 5-HT6 receptors in mood, anxiety, and psychosis-related behaviors. It is not used clinically but serves as a key pharmacological tool in developing novel therapeutics for cognitive impairment and psychiatric conditions.