S55746 is primarily investigated for its potential neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties. It acts as a selective serotonin receptor modulator, specifically targeting 5-HT4 receptors, which play a key role in regulating neurotransmission involved in learning and memory. Due to this mechanism, it has been studied in the context of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, where enhancing cholinergic and glutamatergic activity may help improve cognitive function. Preclinical studies suggest that S55746 can promote the release of acetylcholine and modulate synaptic plasticity, supporting memory formation and retention. Its application is mainly focused on therapeutic development for cognitive deficits and dementia-related conditions, with ongoing research into its efficacy and safety profile in central nervous system disorders.