Eplivanserin is primarily investigated for its application in the treatment of insomnia, particularly in patients who have difficulty maintaining sleep throughout the night. It functions as a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, which helps modulate neural activity involved in sleep regulation. By blocking these receptors, eplivanserin promotes deeper and more sustained sleep without the next-day sedative effects commonly seen with traditional hypnotics. It has been studied for use in both primary insomnia and sleep disturbances associated with psychiatric conditions like depression and schizophrenia. Due to its unique mechanism of action, it offers a potential alternative for patients who do not respond well to GABAergic sleep medications. Clinical development has focused on improving sleep architecture and minimizing dependency risks, making it a candidate for long-term management of chronic insomnia.