RS 67333 hydrochloride is primarily utilized in research settings to study its effects on cognitive functions, particularly in relation to memory and learning. It acts as a selective agonist for the 5-HT4 receptor, which is implicated in various neurological processes. Researchers use this compound to explore potential therapeutic applications for cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, where enhancing serotonin receptor activity may improve memory retention and cognitive performance. Additionally, it is employed in preclinical studies to investigate its role in modulating neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of brain function and potential treatments for neurodegenerative conditions.