SB 271046 hydrochloride is primarily utilized in research settings to study its effects on the central nervous system. It acts as a selective antagonist for the 5-HT6 receptor, making it valuable in understanding the role of serotonin receptors in cognitive functions and behaviors. Researchers use it to explore potential therapeutic applications for neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and anxiety. Its ability to modulate serotonin signaling pathways provides insights into the development of novel treatments targeting these conditions. Additionally, it serves as a tool compound in preclinical studies to investigate the pharmacological and physiological implications of 5-HT6 receptor inhibition.