BCX 1470 methanesulfonate is primarily utilized in research settings as a potent and selective inhibitor of plasma kallikrein. Its application is significant in studying the role of plasma kallikrein in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly in inflammation and blood coagulation. Researchers use this compound to explore potential therapeutic interventions for conditions like hereditary angioedema, where excessive plasma kallikrein activity plays a critical role. Additionally, it aids in understanding the mechanisms of kallikrein-mediated pathways in diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and other inflammatory disorders, providing insights for drug development and targeted therapies.