1-Hexanethiol is commonly used as a surface modifier in the production of nanoparticles, particularly gold and silver nanoparticles. It aids in stabilizing these particles by forming a protective monolayer, preventing aggregation and ensuring uniform dispersion. This property is crucial in applications like catalysis, where nanoparticle stability directly impacts performance.

In the field of materials science, it serves as a coupling agent in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on metal surfaces. These SAMs are utilized in sensors, electronic devices, and corrosion protection, enhancing surface properties and functionality.

Additionally, 1-Hexanethiol is employed in organic synthesis as a reagent for introducing thiol groups into molecules, which is valuable in the development of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals. Its ability to act as a chain transfer agent in polymerization processes also makes it useful in controlling polymer molecular weight and structure.

In industrial applications, it is used as an odorant in natural gas and propane, providing a detectable smell for safety purposes to alert users of gas leaks. Its strong, distinctive odor makes it highly effective in this role.