Elacestrant dihydrochloride is primarily used in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, particularly in postmenopausal women and men. It functions as a selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), effectively blocking estrogen receptors and reducing the growth of cancer cells that depend on estrogen. This compound is especially valuable for patients who have developed resistance to other endocrine therapies, offering a targeted approach to manage advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Its oral administration provides a convenient treatment option compared to traditional therapies, improving patient compliance and quality of life. Ongoing research also explores its potential in other estrogen-dependent cancers.